That time of year is once again upon us. Along with the holidays, we are also in Flu season. The flu flourishes between the months of September and March. As the weather gets colder, and people spend more and more time inside, it becomes much easier for an infection or virus to spread from person to person.
What is the flu?
The flu is a respiratory illness caused by the influenza virus. When the flu virus gets into the body, it moves into the respiratory tract. Once there, it binds to the surface of cells. The virus opens and releases its genetic information into the cell’s nucleus. The nucleus is where the cell’s genetic information is stored. The virus replicates and takes over the functions of the cell. The copies of the virus move to the cell membrane until the cell finally dies and releases them out into the body, where they go on to infect other cells.
The respiratory tissues swell up and become inflamed. As the virus moves through the respiratory tract and into the bloodstream, the first symptoms begin to emerge. The replication process continues for up to several days, until the body’s immune system begins to fight the virus off.
The symptoms last anywhere from 4-7 days and they typically include the following:
- Chills
- Fever
- Sore throat/cough
- Headache
- Stuffy/runny nose
- Earache
- Fatigue
- Nausea and vomiting or diarrhea (more common in children)
These symptoms, although uncomfortable, are generally not dangerous. But the flu also weakens the immune system, leaving it vulnerable to more serious infections. High-risk individuals in particular are susceptible to serious complications, such as:
- Bacterial pneumonia
- Dehydration
- Sinus problems and ear infections (primarily in children)
- Worsening of preexisting conditions, such as asthma or diabetes
It can be difficult to differentiate the flu from the common cold, but as a general rule – the flu is more severe than a cold. Like the common cold, the flu is best handled by treating the symptoms and letting it run its course. Any time you are sick, it is very important to stay hydrated. Some cases of the flu need to be treated in the ER. There are certain symptoms that indicate a severe case of the flu. They can be found here.
How do I avoid it?
The flu is transmitted by tiny droplets of fluid that are expelled when a person coughs, sneezes, or talks. You can avoid the flu just like you do any other infectious disease.
- Wash your hands often, and well
- Clean any surface that is touched often with antibacterial wipes
- Remotes, light switches, computer desks, phones, etc.
- Cover your mouth with your elbow or a tissue when coughing or sneezing
- If you do sneeze into your hands, wash them immediately
- Don’t share drinks or utensils
Should I get a Flu shot?
One of the best things you can do is get a vaccine. You cannot get the flu from a vaccine, as it contains a dead virus. And a dead virus can’t make you sick. You may experience tenderness or soreness at the injection site, and you may feel fatigued or slightly feverish after receiving a flu shot, but it should pass fairly quickly. Vaccines are so effective because it introduces your body to the virus, and gives it a chance to prepare for the actual disease. If you need a flu shot but don’t know where to go to get one, come see us! We will make sure you are taken care of. Nobody wants to be sick during the holidays!